موقع القافلة الإخباري موقع اخباري موريتاني
يصادق اليوم 4 أكتوبر وفاة النحاة الفرنسي الشهير فريديريك اوغست بارتولدي ( Frédéric Bartholdi) والذي من أشهر أعماله تمثال الحرية الموجود قبالة سواحل نيويورك.
حياته المبكرة
ولد في مدينة كولمار في إقليم الألزاس الفرنسي المجاور للحدود مع ألمانيا، توجه إلى باريس ليكمل دراسته في العمارة والرسم. قام بعدها برحلة طويلة إلى مصر واليمن، حيث سمع بمشروع شق قناة السويس. عاد بعدها إلى مسقط رأسه ليصبح معماريا، عرف عنه انتمائه للبنائين الأحرار كانت أولى أعماله نصب الجنرال “جون راب” في كولمار، حاز بعدها على نجاح مضطرد في الألزاس.
تمثال الحرية منتصبا قبالة مدينة نيويورك الأمريكية
تمثال الحرية
العمل الذي جعل من بارتولدي الأكثر شهرة هو تمثال الحرية و الذي اهدي في العام 1886 من قبل “الاتحاد الفرانكو-أمريكي” ليكون هدية من شعب فرنسا إلى شعب الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. ظهرت شائعة وقتها في فرنسا “بأن وجه التمثال صمم ليشابه وجه أم بارتولدي
سافر بارتولدي خصيصا إلى الولايات المتحدة للاشراف علي عملية اختيار الموقع الذي سيتم نصب التمثال فيه. أثناء وجود بارتولدي في مصر وقت شق قناة السويس، طرأت له فكرة وجود منارة ضخمة على مدخل القناة لإرشاد السفن، على هيئة آلهة الحرية في المثيولوجيا الرومانية وتصمم بارتداءها ملابس فلاحة مصرية ترفع يدها حاملة شعلة يخرج منها ضوء لإرشاد السفن.
عرض بارتولدي رسوماته وخططه لأول مرة على خديوي مصر وقتها إسماعيل باشا في 1867، ومرة أخرى بعد إجراء التنقيحات في 1869. لكن المشروع لم يتم أبدا. حمل مشروع التمثال وقتها اسم “مصر تجلب النور إلى آسيا”.
تمت اعادة تنقيح المشروع ليتم في الولايات المتحدة حيث تحول المشروع الفاشل للتمثال إلى نجاح تام في الولايات المتحدة، حيث يعد التمثال من أشهر المعالم العالمية في مدينة نيويورك.
صار بارتولدي بعدها أحد أكثر النحاتين شهرة في أوروباوأمريكا الشمالية.
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